Synoptic view of Multiple Kingdoms

Synoptic view of Multiple Kingdoms 

1642-1646

• Irish Rebellion created controversy over the Militia Bill of 1641 that was one of the triggers of the Civil War
• Sharpe - breakdown of Charles I's authority clearly limited the imposition of the prayer book in Scotland 
• Charles I's alliance with the Irish Catholics and Montrose in Scotland made it hard for settlement in Scotland 
• Charles I surrenders to Argyll and the Scots in the English Parliament 

1646-1649

• Significant Catholic and religious strongholds means that the situation in Ireland remains instable and unresolved. Threat by Montrose in Scotland. Can explain his stubborness during peace negoitations
• Split between Presbyterian and Independent threatened Solemn League and Covenant 
• Charles I exploits this - the Engagement = Scottish invasion of England supported by Charles I. This hardens the army's perception of Charles I - Prides Purge December 1648, Charles' trial and execution (Jan 1649)

1649-1660

• Rebellion continues in Ireland - examples of Drogheda and Wexford 
• Battles of Dunbar and Worcester
• 1654 - first British Parliament (30 Irish and Scottish MPs with 300 representatives)

1660-1678

• Restoration settlement was clearly "Anglo-centric"
• Declaration of Indulgence raises concerns in Scotland 
• Charles II's "Anglo-centric" focus alientated support in Scotland
• Test Acts prohibited Presbyterians 
• 1669 Act proclaimed royal supremacy over Church in Scotland 

1678-1685

• Under pressure from Scots during the Exclusion Crisis to remove James II, influenced decision to disolve Parliament 
• James II took control of Scotland between 1679-82 - gained support 
• Archbishop of Armagh executed because of rumours of Irish Catholic invaion with French assistance 
• Whigs backed down during the Exclusion Crisis - fear of Scottish uprisings.
• Harris - the multiple kingdoms played a key part in the failure of the Whigs during the E.C

1685-1689

• Promotion of Catholics in Ireland - Richard Talbot appointed as Lord Deputy of Ireland. In '86 67% of troops and 40% of officers were Catholics - cost support to the Tories 
• Catholic judges appointed. 
• Argyll's uprising owing to Catholic appointments
• Freedom of worship except from Presbyterians. Alienated the elite and clergy
• Jacobite rebellion in Scotland after the Glorious Rev - led to Presbyterian Independence. 
• Protestant control imposed in Ireland.